Abstract
Exclusive breastfeeding for six months is one of the measures with highest impact on prevention of child deaths. The determinants of breastfeeding practices are complex and differ between populations. This study aimed to identify factors associated with the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in a suburban area in Angola. Population-based cross-sectional study in the municipality of Cacuaco, Luanda. A random sample of children under two years of age and their mothers was included. -Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using Poisson regression based on a hierarchical model. 749 children and their mothers were surveyed, including 274 children under six months. Theprevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among children under six months was 51.5% (95% confidence interval, CI, 46.3-56.6%). Four variables were positively associated with exclusive breastfeeding at ages of under six months: number of prenatal visits (PR 1.11 for each visit after the first one; 95% CI 1.04-1.18), maternal occupation (other occupations versus self-employed) (PR 1.54; 95% CI 1.05-2.26), younger child age (PR 0.77 for each month; 95% CI 0.71-0.84) and female child (PR 1.34; 95% CI 1.02-1.76). Our findings showed that the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at six months was satisfactory, according to international recommendations. Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding practices that had never been surveyed before in Angola were identified through this study. These data are particularly relevant in the context of high infant mortality and may be useful in planning actions aimed at improving child health through promotion of exclusive breastfeeding, in Angola and other countries.
Highlights
Breastfeeding has proven to be an effective practice for preventing child deaths.[1,2] It has been estimated that scaling up breastfeeding to a near universal level could prevent 823,000 child deaths, along with 20,000 maternal deaths from breast cancer annually.[1]
The present study aimed to identify factors associated with the practice of exclusive breastfeeding among children under six months of age in a municipality in the metropolitan area of Luanda, Angola
The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among children under six months of age in our study population was 51.5%, which is considered a satisfactory rate according to the criteria adopted by World Health Organization (WHO) (50 to 89%).[18]
Summary
Breastfeeding has proven to be an effective practice for preventing child deaths.[1,2] It has been estimated that scaling up breastfeeding to a near universal level could prevent 823,000 child deaths, along with 20,000 maternal deaths from breast cancer annually.[1]. Over the last two decades, since the World Health Organization (WHO) issued its recommendation of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for the first six months of life, followed by introduction of complementary feeding but with continued breastfeeding until at least two years of age,[4] there has been a trend toward increased prevalence and duration of breastfeeding worldwide. This study aimed to identify factors associated with the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in a suburban area in Angola. Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding practices that had never been surveyed before in Angola were identified through this study. These data are relevant in the context of high infant mortality and may be useful in planning actions aimed at improving child health through promotion of exclusive breastfeeding, in Angola and other countries
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