Abstract
Despite an international consensus for housing to be “built back better” (BBB) following disasters, and the considerable resources expended on reconstruction efforts globally, the management of post-disaster housing reconstruction programmes often leaves much to be desired. This research presents a framework for the management of post-disaster housing reconstruction in developing countries based on a comprehensive identification of the issues affecting the management of reconstruction programmes and the management measures which have proved effective in mitigating these issues and achieving the desired BBB outcomes. The framework highlights the strategic importance of preparedness measures that should be taken before the next disaster strikes and the cross-cutting nature of capacity building and beneficiary community engagement measures that are essential to all stages of the post-disaster reconstruction process. The research findings are limited to developing countries, as the evidence on which they are based is almost entirely from post-disaster housing experiences in the developing world. The framework may, however, be adapted to different, specific post-disaster reconstruction contexts. This research has compiled, extended and up-dated current knowledge regarding the management of housing reconstruction programmes and it provides practical guidance for policy makers and practitioners.
Highlights
Despite an international consensus for housing to be “built back better” (BBB) following disasters, and the considerable resources expended on reconstruction efforts globally, the management of post-disaster housing reconstruction programmes often leaves much to be desired
This research presents a framework for the management of post-disaster housing reconstruction in developing countries based on a comprehensive identification of the issues affecting the management of reconstruction programmes and the management measures which have proved effective in mitigating these issues and achieving the desired BBB outcomes
Housing is affected by disasters [8] and, coupled with its centrality to humanitarian and international development concerns [9,10], substantial resources from multiple sources are channelled to post-disaster reconstruction [7] with a significant portion of these allocated to permanent housing reconstruction (PHR)
Summary
Apart from being a visible investment choice, PHR is an effective means to provide safety and security, and to restore dignity and better livelihood conditions to mitigate the suffering of affected and/or displaced communities [11,12,13,14] It typically follows the provision of emergency shelter, temporary shelter and temporary and transitional housing [15,16]. 2 of 26 2 of 27 aacccceeppttaabbllee ddiissaasstteerr rreessiilliieenntt hhoouussiinngg aanndd ccoommmmuunniittyy rreeccoovveerryy [[2211––2233]] iinn tthhee cchhaaoottiicc,, ddyynnaammiicc aanndd ccoommpplleexx rreeccoonnssttrruuccttiioonn eennvviirroonnmmeenntt [[2244––2266]]. [[3322]] pprrooppoosseedd aa ffrraammeewwoorrkk ffoorr oowwnneerr--ddrriivveenn hhoouussiinngg rreeccoonnssttrruuccttiioonn pprroojjeeccttss ttoo eennhhaannccee ddiissaasstteerr rreessiilliieennccee iinn tthhee lloonngg--tteerrmm aanndd aatt aa mmiiccrroo--ssccaallee,, aanndd [[4400]] ddeevveellooppeedd aa ffrraammeewwoorrkk ffoorr eeffffeeccttiivvee ddiissaasstteerr rreesseettttlleemmeenntt tthhrroouugghh ccoommmmuunniittyy ppaarrttiicciippaattiioonn. The results obtained were synthesised with those from the preceding evidence-focused review and the case-study to validate the pre-identified issues and to identify the measures for managing PHR programmes in developing countries. Subsequent integration and organisation of the measures with respect to time resulted in the development of a framework for the management of PHR programmes
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