Abstract
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are composed of spatially distributed autonomous sensor devices, named motes. These motes have their own power supply, processing unit, sensors and wireless communications However with many constraints, such as limited energy, bandwidth and computational capabilities. In these networks, at least one mote called a sink, acts as a gateway to connect with other networks. These sensor networks run monitoring applications and then the data gathered by these motes needs to be retrieved by the sink. When this sink is located in the far field, there have been many proposals in the literature based on Collaborative Beamforming (CB), also known as Distributed or Cooperative Beamforming, for these long range communications to reach the sink. In this paper, we conduct a thorough study of the related work and analyze the requirements to do CB. In order to implement these communications in real scenarios, we will consider if these requirements and the assumptions made are feasible from the point of view of commercial motes and their constraints. In addition, we will go a step further and will consider different alternatives, by relaxing these requirements, trying to find feasible assumptions to carry out these types of communications with commercial motes. This research considers the nonavailability of a central clock that synchronizes all motes in the WSN, and all motes have identical hardware. This is a feasibility study to do CB on WSN, using a simulated scenario with randomized delays obtained from experimental data from commercial motes.
Highlights
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are composed of spatially distributed autonomous sensor devices, named motes
We will analyze the behavior of a uniform linear array with AF1D in the ideal case given by Equation (3) and in the real scenario given by Equation (6)
We went through the frequencies utilized in the usual commercial motes that operate according to the standard IEEE 802.15.4 and presented the synchronization precision level required in order to adjust the phases of the signals to coherently interfere in the BS and substantially increase the received Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)
Summary
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are composed of spatially distributed autonomous sensor devices, named motes These motes have their own power supply, processing unit, memory, sensors and wireless communications. They are limited by strong constraints in terms of energy, bandwidth, memory size and computational capabilities. WSNs have been used in many different applications, such as environment, habitat, precision horticulture, seismic, volcano hazard monitoring, coil mine monitoring, etc. Most of these applications are analyzed in [2], a recent survey
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