Abstract
BackgroundPrevious studies have revealed the inductive effect of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) catabolism on fatty acid oxidation and metabolism, especially in muscle cells. In the present investigation, we have attempted to address whether a combination of BCAAs supplement consumption with aerobic exercise could elaborate the expression of PPARγ, Pgc-1α and Fndc5 genes in gastrocnemius muscle and heart tissue of male C57BL/6 mice.MethodsThirty-six young male mice with an average weight of 18 ± 2 g were selected. Mice were randomly assigned to 6 groups: 20 mg/mL of BCAAs consumption with simultaneous exercise-training, 60 mg/mL of BCAAs consumption with simultaneous exercise-training, exercise-trained with no BCAAs consumption group, 20 mg/mL BCAAs without exercise-training, 60 mg/mL BCAAs without exercise-training, and untrained mice without BCAAs consumption.ResultsThe findings showed a combination of 20 mg/mL BCAAs with aerobic exercise significantly increased Fndc5, PPARγ, Pgc-1α gene expression in skeletal muscles although, circulating Irisin levels remained unchanged (p < 0.05). Interestingly, plasma urea and lactate levels were significantly increased in 60 mg/mL BCAAs administrated mice which performed exercised (p < 0.05). Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine significant difference between groups and sedentary group.ConclusionsResults showed inductive effect of 20 mg/mL BCAAs on expression levels of Fndc5, PPARγ, Pgc-1α in gastrocnemius muscle similar with counterparts in heart tissue. Of note, higher serum irisin levels were detected after 20 mg/mL BCAAs supplementation coincided with the exercise.Graphical abstractAn Overview on supplemantaion of branched chain amoinoacids on metablism of skeletal muscle and heart
Highlights
Previous studies have revealed the inductive effect of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) catabolism on fatty acid oxidation and metabolism, especially in muscle cells
Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is in connection with mitochondrial DNA replication and transcription activity, its downstream proteins including COX4I1, COX4I2, COX5A, ATP5A1 and ATP5B are involved
Our results indicated that BCAAs supplementation increased body weight, heart and gastrocnemius muscle weight
Summary
Bioinformatics studies A list of BCAAs and FNDC5 related proteins were extracted by an intensive literature review and text mining from a period of 2013–2017 (list is not shown). This list was subjected to the STRING V10.5 (https://string-db.org/) web site [22].In order to obtain the maximal data of FNDC5 and related proteins network, a low confidence level (> 0.150) was set. BCAAs supplementation and food intake Mice were fed with free access to standard food (13% (w/w) fat, 30% (w/w) protein, 57% (w/w) carbohydrate with a total 2900 kcal) and tap water. Differences at p < 0.05 were considered to be significant in all analyses
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