PP046. Adherence to exercise with bicycle during pregnancy in women with risk of preeclampsia

Abstract

Physical activity (PA) has been proposed as an important part of hypertension's treatment and has been studied as a possibility for the prevention of preeclampsia (PE) and its complications. PA is recommended during pregnancy because it may be beneficial to maternal health. However, some studies relate the difficulty in adherence to exercise during pregnancy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the adherence to exercise with bicycle in pregnant women with risk of preeclampsia development and characterize these pregnants. This is a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial at the Women's Hospital Dr. José Aristodemo Pinotti - CAISM/Unicamp, Brazil. We enrolled 116 pregnant women presenting with chronic hypertension (CH), previous PE or both factors associated (risk of PE development). Women from 12 to 20 gestational weeks were selected from the prenatal outpatient clinic and randomly allocated to the study (SG) or non-interventional group (NIG). Women at the SG performed exercise using stationary bicycle (horizontal bench model) during 30min, once a week, under a physical therapist supervision. The HR was maintained at 20% above resting heart rate and up to 140 beats per minute, and the BP was evaluated before and after exercise. The NIG followed regular prenatal routine with weekly returns for HR and BP measurements. We analyzed the adherence of the SG to exercise with bicycle and their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. We invited 152 pregnants to participate and 33 (21.7%) refused. 116 pregnants were randomized and 58 were allocated to the SG. The mean age was 31.7±6.2 and mean of Body Mass Index (BMI) was 34.9±7.9kg/m(2). Previous PE were prevalent in 16 (27.6%) pregnant, CH in 51 (87.9%) pregnant and 9 (15.5(10.5%) pregnants relate to exercise before pregnancy. The average sessions performed by the SG using stationary bicycle were 9.24±7.03. That those who realized less than the mean session of the SG 14 had discontinued, 3 changed the prenatal city, 4 had TPP, 3 had difficulty in controlling blood pressure, 1 had autoimmune hepatitis diagnosis and 1 had fetal malformation. Considering the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of these 27 the majority were obese and had had CH, they were not used to practice any type of exercise before pregnancy. Most of them were not primiparous, also had more children at home and found difficul to find time for exercise. The majority did not live next to our center. The majority of our population were obese, sedentary before pregnancy and with CH. In this study exercise, performed once a week, using stationary bicycle in pregnant women of high risk PE, seems to be difficult.