PP018: The prevalence and associations of sleep disturbances, anxiety, and depression in patients with premalignant chronic inflammatory diseases: A case-control study

Abstract

Purpose The psychologic factors and their association with premalignant chronic inflammatory disease (PCID), such as Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Lichenoid Lesions are not well recognized, yet their importance in quality of life of PCID is still debated. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of sleep disturbances, anxiety, and depression and their association in patient with PCID. Materials and methods 50 PCID patients versus equal number of age and sex matched healthy controls were enrolled. The study is based on the statistical evaluation of questionnaires examining insomnia symptoms and daytime sleepiness [Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and excessive day-time sleepiness (EDS) by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)], depression, anxiety [Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAM-D), Hamilton rating scale for anxiety (HAM-A)]. Results The differences in PSQI scale components values between patients with PCID and control cases were computed by Mann–Whitney U test. Bivariate correlation between sleep quality and disease-related variables were calculated while significance differences in median values of PSQI respect to demographic variables were measured by Kruskal–Wallis non parametric. Analysis of Variance test. A series of hierarchical regression analyses were estimated to identify the significant determinants of sleep quality. Patients with PCID had statistically higher scores in all items of the PSQI, HAM-D, HAM-A and EPS than the healthy controls. The mean PSQI was 5.240 ± 2.512 for PCID patients and 4.140 ± 2.259 for healthy controls ( P 5 was found in 21 PCID patients (42%) and in poor sleepers HAM-D was 9.667 ± 2.710, HAM-A 10.286 ± 3.243 and EPS 4.191 ± 1.250. Conclusion PCID patients report a greater degree of sleep problems, depressed mood and anxiety as compared with controls. Our data clearly highlight the importance of assessing for sleep disturbance as risk factor for anxiety and depression to improve clinical management and quality of life in these patients.