Abstract
Objective: Galectin 3 (GAL3) as biomarker of cardiac fibrosis was evaluated in general population and in patients with heart failure, but data on patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are sparse. The aim of this study is to assess GAL3 values in patients over 55 years with AF after sinus rhythm restoration. Design and method: 33 patients with AF without history of cardiovascular diseases, after sinus rhythm restoration, who were randomized in pilot clinical trial of one-year placebo-controlled treatment with spironolactone, were analyzed for baseline values of GAL3, other important demographic factors, cardiovascular risk profile, including presence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, etc. We also correlated the results of GAL3, assessed by ELISA method, with the coronary calcium score in 17 patients. The Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression analyses of log transformed GAL3 with other important predictors were performed. Results: The mean age of the participants was 66.58 ± 8.12 years, 12 patients (36%) were females. The mean GAL3 was 15.2 ± 7.64 ng/ml, significantly increased with age category (Table 1, ANOVA p = 0.12 for linear trend weighted for the numbers of subjects) and showed a trend of higher values in female - mean difference 2.01 ng/ml (95% CI −7.7—3.67, p = 0.47).GAL3 was significantly correlated only with baseline creatinine – r = 0.36, p = 0.04 and eGFR – r = −0.45, p = 0.009. The multiple linear regression revealed that age (β = 0.42, p = 0.005) and serum creatitine (β = 0.17, p = 0.013) in the one model and the eGFR (β = −0.28, p = 0.009) in the other were the only significant predictors of elevated GAL3 values, after adjustment for various important factors. Conclusions: Galectin-3 increases with age and tends to be higher in female patients over 55 years with restored sinus rhythm after AF. As a marker of fibrosis it is linearly increasing with renal function impairment.
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