Pozzolanic reactivity of aluminum-rich sewage sludge ash: Influence of calcination process and effect of calcination products on cement hydration

Abstract

The application of aluminum-based flocculant in wastewater treatment results in a large amount of aluminum-rich sewage sludge. This work investigated the influence of calcination process on physicochemical characteristics and pozzolanic activity of aluminum (Al)-rich sludge ash and studied the effect of sludge ash on cement hydration. The results showed that higher calcination temperature from 600 ℃ to 900 ℃ increased the amorphous content in sludge ash. The pozzolanic activity of sludge ash calcined at 800 ℃ and 900 ℃ was confirmed by Frattini test. In view of strength activity index of blended mortar and energy conservation, the optimal calcination condition of sewage sludge ash was calcined at 800 ℃ with air-cooling. The addition of sludge ash promoted the transformation of ettringite to monosulfate phase in cement paste. However, the high Al concentration dissolved from S6 and S7 ash inhibited significantly the cement hydration and resulted in low compressive strength values of the blended mortars. The pozzolanic reaction of S8 and S9 ash produced more hydration heat and additional Al-bearing products such as katoite and monosulfate which contributed to the strength development of mortars. Furthermore, the heavy metals in sewage sludge can be immobilized in ash structure during calcination process and the structure of hydration products, which ensures the environmental security of sludge ash utilization in construction materials.