Abstract
Advanced modulation and multiple access schemes with high spectral efficiencies are desirable to overcome the bandwidth limitation in low-cost optical and electrical devices to fulfill the high-data rate requirements in passive optical networks (PONs). We propose a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme, known as power-code division NOMA (PCD-NOMA), for the next-generation PON, where the optical network units (ONUs) are divided into several groups with similar path losses. The ONUs per groups are allocated in the same power domain multiplexing layer with different codebooks. We show by experimental demonstration that the proposed PCD-NOMA with a high spectral efficiency offers improved overall system performance and reduced required transmission power in the next-generation PON, particularly in flexible PON where ONUs have different path losses. For PON with a power difference loss of 14 dB, the reduced required transmission powers are 5 and 11 dB for downstream and upstream, respectively, compared with orthogonal frequency division multiple access.
Highlights
The increasing data traffic generated by bandwidth-consuming applications such as high-definition video streaming services and wireless backhaul in 5th generation (5G) networks are setting the mile-stone in the generation optical network with higher speed, flexibility and reliability [1,2,3,4,5]
orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)-passive optical networks (PONs) provides high spectrum efficiency, large dispersion tolerance and high flexibility on multiple services provisioning at the cost of lower power efficiency, which is limited by the high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) [10,11,12]
We extended our previous works [23,24] and propose a new non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme known as power-code division NOMA (PCD-NOMA) for the generation PON, where optical network units (ONUs) are divided into a number of groups with ONUs in the same group with similar path losses and in the same power domain multiplexing layer (PDML) are allocated with different codebooks
Summary
The increasing data traffic generated by bandwidth-consuming applications such as high-definition video streaming services and wireless backhaul in 5th generation (5G) networks are setting the mile-stone in the generation optical network with higher speed, flexibility and reliability [1,2,3,4,5]. WDMA-PON, which provides a virtual point-to-point fiber access connection via a dedicated wavelength to each optical network unit (ONU), offers a much higher data rate but at higher costs [9]. In order to avoid or alleviate interference, the above-mentioned PONs adopt the orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme, where different optical network unit (ONUs) are allocated to orthogonal resources in either the time or frequency (wavelength) domain. We extended our previous works [23,24] and propose a new NOMA scheme known as power-code division NOMA (PCD-NOMA) for the generation PON, where ONUs are divided into a number of groups with ONUs in the same group with similar path losses and in the same power domain multiplexing layer (PDML) are allocated with different codebooks. We show by experimental demonstration that, PCD-NOMA can significantly improve the performance and reliability for the ONU with a higher path loss by adjusting the power allocation ratio adaptively, improving the overall system performance and reducing the required transmit optical power PTx
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