Power Transfer System for Long-term and Real-time Monitoring of Subsurface CO2 Storage

Abstract

Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) systems are effective techniques for industrial applications, such as monitoring Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) for reducing greenhouse emissions. Conventionally, the data and power transfer systems are based on wire-line cable, which provides a high potential leakage path for the CO<inf>2</inf> under the extremely high-pressure environment. In this paper, a novel real-time underground monitoring and wireless communication system has been developed. The system includes an array of toroidal transceivers winding around the highly conductive casing string for wireless data transfer between the surface and deep subsurface and energized casing technique is utilized to charge the toroidal transceivers and subsurface sensors. This novel wireless telemetry system will help to maintain well integrity and reduce potential leakage by eliminating the need for perforated casing or an umbilical in the cement annulus since no direct path of fluid leakage is induced by this wireless system. The metal casing amplification enhances the wireless signal and wireless power transfer efficiency, which provides a highly conductive path instead of omnidirectional radiation. More improvements in wireless power efficiency are analyzed. A scaled-down experiment is used to validate the simulation.