Abstract
This work investigates an innovative low-voltage (<60 V) hybrid device that enables engine boosting and downsizing in addition to mild hybrid functionalities such as regenerative braking, start-stop, and torque assist. A planetary gear set and a brake permit the power split supercharger (PSS) to share a 9 kW motor between supercharging the engine and direct torque supply to the crankshaft. In contrast, most e-boosting schemes use two separate motors for these two functionalities. This single motor structure restricts the PSS operation to only one of the supercharging or parallel hybrid modes; therefore, an optimized decision making strategy is necessary to select both the device mode and its power split ratio. An adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy (A-ECMS), which uses the battery state of charge (SoC) history to adjust the equivalence factor, is developed for energy management of the PSS. The A-ECMS effectiveness is compared against a dynamic programming (DP) solution with full drive cycle preview through hardware-in-the-loop experiments on an engine dynamometer testbed. The experiments show that the PSS with A-ECMS reduces vehicle fuel consumption by 18.4% over standard FTP75 cycle, compared to a baseline turbocharged engine, while global optimal DP solution decreases the fuel consumption by 22.8% compared to the baseline.
Highlights
Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are one of the promising solutions for reducing carbon emissions in the transportation sector
The gearshifts of the baseline turbocharged engine are optimized by dynamic programming (DP) in results shown in the first row of during experiments
DP predicts that the engine with the power split supercharger (PSS) consumes 22.8% less fuel compared to the turbocharged engine
Summary
Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are one of the promising solutions for reducing carbon emissions in the transportation sector. During the past two decades, many different architectures for hybridized powertrains have emerged [1]. Despite their relative technology maturity and their proven effectiveness in reducing fuel consumption, the market penetration of HEVs is still poor [2]. The inadequate torque of a small naturally aspirated (NA) ICE requires conventional mild hybrid systems to employ larger
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