Power Spectral Analysis of EEG as a Potential Marker in the Diagnosis of Spastic Cerebralpalsycases

Bablu Lal Rajak,Sudip Paul,Tapas Kumar Sinha,Dinesh Bhatia,Arun Mukherjee,Meena Gupta

doi:10.5121/ijbes.2016.3303

Bablu Lal Rajak, Sudip Paul + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5121/ijbes.2016.3303

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Abstract

The detection and diagnosis of various neurological disorders are performed using different medical devices among which electroencephalogram (EEG) is one of the most cost effective technique. Though significant progress had been made in the analysis of EEG for diagnosis of different neurological disorders, yet detection of cerebral palsy (CP) is not quite clear. This study was performed to analyze the EEG power spectrum density (PSD) of spastic CP and normal children to find if any significant EEG patterns could be used for early detection of CP. Twenty children participated in this study out of which ten were spastic CP and other ten were normal healthy children. EEG of all the participants was recorded from C3 C4 and F3 F4 regions following montage 10-20 system. The artifact-free EEG signals of 15 minutes duration was extracted for spectral analysis using Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) algorithm in MATLAB and power density spectrum (PSD) was plotted. The PSD revealed high intensity power peak at frequency of 50Hz and smaller at 100 Hz, which was consistent for all healthy subjects. In case of spastic CP children, high intensity peak at 100Hz were prominent and smaller peak was observed at 50Hz. The high intensity 100Hz peak observed in the PSD of spastic CP patients demonstrated that this tool can be used for early detection of spastic CP.

Highlights

Brain’s electrical activity had been continuously studied to understand its function or to diagnose neurological disorders
Similar conclusions were given by Lindsley and Jones (1956); Melin (1962) and Al-Sulaiman (2001) after performing EEG studies on cerebral palsy (CP) patients [14,15,16]. this study was aimed at analyzing the EEG power spectrum density (PSD) of spastic CP and normal children to find if any significant EEG patterns were presentwhich could be used for early detection of CP
It was observed that PSD of spastic CP children from both central and frontal areas of the brain showed high intensity peaks at 100Hz which could be due to high neuronal activity in the motor areas that is responsible for their uncoordinated movement and posture

Summary

Introduction

Brain’s electrical activity had been continuously studied to understand its function or to diagnose neurological disorders. [3,4,5]; and in the study of mental stress [6], effect of anesthesia [7], dyslexia[8], and so on; but the role of EEG in detection of cerebral palsy (CP) has not been well established [9,10]. The motor disorder in CP is often accompanied by disturbances of sensation, perception, cognition, communication, behavior, epilepsy and secondary musculoskeletal problems [12]. These problems arise due to abnormal brain activity in these children which was noted by Perlsteinet al (1955), who studied 1217 CP patients and found that 90% of them had abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings [13]. Similar conclusions were given by Lindsley and Jones (1956); Melin (1962) and Al-Sulaiman (2001) after performing EEG studies on CP patients [14,15,16]. this study was aimed at analyzing the EEG power spectrum density (PSD) of spastic CP and normal children to find if any significant EEG patterns were presentwhich could be used for early detection of CP

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