Abstract
This paper investigates the effect of photovoltaic panels (PVs) and electric vehicles (EVs) on power quality of electrical distribution systems, while proposing an approach of demand-side management (DSM). Electricity generation of PVs is estimated based on technical parameters and weather data, whereas electricity consumption of EVs is evaluated using travel data of conventional cars. Calculations of three-phase power flow are developed in this study to assess the impact of PVs and EVs on voltage magnitude and voltage unbalance of residential grids. Simulation results of different case studies show that additional power generation of PVs increases voltage magnitude. However, uncoordinated electricity consumption of charging EVs degrades voltage unbalance. Therefore, a strategy of DSM is proposed to coordinate EV charging using deterministic programming, while considering historical data of system components. The proposed scheme of DSM is able to improve voltage quality by re-scheduling EV consumption in line with PV generation, postponing upgrading requirements of power grids.
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