Abstract

This review paper discusses power quality considerations for direct current (DC) electric power distribution systems, particularly DC microgrids. First, four selected sample DC architectures are discussed to provide motivation for the consideration of power quality in DC systems. Second, a brief overview of power quality challenges in conventional alternating current (AC) distribution systems is given to establish the field of power quality. Finally, a survey of literature addressing power quality issues in DC systems is presented, and necessary power quality considerations in DC distribution system design and operation are discussed.

Highlights

  • Direct current (DC) architectures for electric power distribution systems and microgrids have been increasingly explored with the goals of more efficiently serving most modern loads that require DC power and, need to have alternating current (AC) to DC conversion stages when powered from conventional power distribution grids [1]

  • In low voltage DC power systems, damaging resonance currents, unacceptable electromagnetic interference (EMI), or problematic voltage oscillations can result from current harmonics on the DC bus, and a detailed harmonic study needs to be a consideration in the design of DC distribution systems [60]

  • DC architectures for electric power distribution systems and microgrids have been explored in literature with the goals of more efficiently serving modern loads and integrating distributed generation and storage

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Summary

Introduction

Direct current (DC) architectures for electric power distribution systems and microgrids have been increasingly explored with the goals of more efficiently serving most modern loads that require DC power and, need to have alternating current (AC) to DC conversion stages when powered from conventional power distribution grids [1]. As indicated in [17], power quality issues and solutions found in mobile power distribution systems cannot be necessarily directly applied in general to stationary applications that are the focus of this paper because of technical and commercial issues (e.g., different grounding and dissimilar cost requirements). Many of the power quality issues that apply to mobile power distribution systems are still discussed in this paper, the discussion here focuses on stationary systems and applied on a general context instead on considering the particular conditions found in mobile applications. The current literature addressing the power quality issues for DC distribution systems is surveyed.

Data Center Challenges and Approaches towards Improved System Efficiency
State of the Art Data Center Architecture Design for Improved Efficiency
Worldwide DC Data Center Installations and the Need for Standardization
The Role of DC Microgrids within Commercial Facilities and Residential Homes
Voltage Selection for Home Appliances and Lighting Systems within DC Homes
DC in Telecommunications Power Systems
Transmission Level DC Grid Applications
AC Power Quality
Harmonics
Disturbances
Power Quality in DC Distribution Systems and Microgrids
Harmonic Currents
Inrush Current
Fault Current
Grounding
Findings
Conclusions
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