Abstract
Over the last decades, the deployment of large solar-based photovoltaic power plants has grown tremendously. The undesirable impact of high integration level of photovoltaic systems has led energy stakeholders to regulate such penetration to avoid this negative impact. One major concern with regard to photovoltaic penetration is the issue of power quality. Poor power quality can be a source of system disturbance and major economic losses. However, the power quality analysis is not widely discussed in the literature, with most of the studies focusing on the harmonic issues as potential power quality problem, but this study shows that there are a number of power quality issues, such as undervoltage, overvoltage, power fluctuation, and power factor. This study presents practical approaches to a grid-connected solar photovoltaic plant with associated control circuits developed in the time-domain. The power quality of a grid-connected solar photovoltaic plant is investigated by an analysis of the inverter output voltage and nominal current for different photovoltaic plant sizes. Also, the effect of different conditions of solar irradiance and ambient temperature on the power quality is analyzed. To identify power quality issues, a photovoltaic plant time-domain model is developed using Power Systems Computer Aided Design software. Various solar photovoltaic plant controls such as maximum power point tracking and modulation signals sinusoidal pulse width modulation and pulse width modulation for direct current-to-direct current boost converter are developed and integrated into the simulation environment. Several case studies are performed taking into account different photovoltaic plant ratings such as 250 kW–3 MW, where the point of common coupling is monitored.
Highlights
The recent decade has seen a significant increase in the number of solar photovoltaic (PV) installations worldwide.[1]
We propose a method for calculating the acceptable penetration level of residential gridconnected PV inverter system installations based on voltage total harmonic distortion (VTHD) and individual harmonic voltage limits recommended in the relevant Australian harmonic standards published by AA Latheef et al.,[4] and show the possibilities of having a reduced inverter current harmonic magnitude
We studied the harmonics distortion issues by performing six case studies to determine whether a relationship exist between PV plant rating and the harmonic distortion; we performed five case studies to determine the impact of the PV array installation at DC link capacitor and on point of common coupling (PCC) and six case studies to analyze the effect of the voltage harmonics with the solar irradiance under different temperature conditions
Summary
The recent decade has seen a significant increase in the number of solar photovoltaic (PV) installations worldwide.[1]. The measurements were generated into low-voltage (LV) network by taking individual single-phase inverters under a specific limit of effective conditions and for several converters similarity tied at the same point on the grid. Their research focused on the following factors, including temperature, irradiance, inverter’s control technique, the three-phase imbalance on-grid and voltage harmonics. The simulation results in low generations of PV system for a fundamental current showed significant increase in the current THD values. On the contrary, these PV inverters harmonic output can adversely affect the distribution network. Annapoorna Chidurala et al.[15] analyzed the harmonic characteristics output from PV grid-connected system with irradiance; they highlighted the individual output harmonic distortion and their relationship with PV inverters in two case studies.
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