Abstract
This chapter explains the existing dynamic power management (DPM) techniques; the first technique is the system-level DPM, that is, changing the operating state of system components when the workload varies and making components off or idle when not in use. The main power-consuming sources of a sensor node are microcontroller unit, radio unit, interfacing unit, storage unit, and power unit. The chapter explains how these components consume power during functioning and communicating the desired information. The cost of the wireless sensor network depends on the cost of an individual node because of the infrastructure-less feature of the network. The deployed sensor nodes require some energy-efficient power management techniques to handle the workload even if energy scavenging helps in recharging the battery of a resource-constrained node. A sensor node's components such as microcontroller unit, a sensor unit, transceiver unit, memory unit, interfacing unit, and power unit are the main sources of power consumption.
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