Abstract
With the expansion of the number of electric vehicles (EV) over the world, the research on the battery and the battery management system (BMS) have become more popular. The active balancing, which is working as an advanced function in the modern BMS, has attracted researchers’ attention to enhance battery system performance and prolong the battery pack life via integration of specially designed power electronic circuit with proper control and optimisation strategies in the BMS. This paper develops the power-loss and efficiency models of the bidirectional active clamp forward converter with synchronous rectifier (ACFC-SR) based active cell balancing system. The developed models can be involved in the power loss analysis of the active cell balancing system to underpin the energy efficiency performance evaluation and the balancing control system design of active balancing systems. The optimal balancing current with which the converter would operate at the maximum efficiency point can be obtained via the developed efficiency model. A case study is also included to illustrate the efficiency performance of the active balancing system.
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