Abstract
This work addresses the efficient power generation from low enthalpy geothermal fields through the use of a systematic method for the design and selection of heat exchange working fluids tailored for Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems. A systematic methodology is employed that is based on the design of optimum working fluid candidates using a Computer Aided Molecular Design (CAMD) method. The performance of the designed fluids is evaluated using a model of the ORC system that enables simulation and economic design optimization. The performed evaluation also considers additional working fluid characteristics such as safety (toxicity and flammability) and environmental properties (ozone depletion potential and global warming potential) that are equally important to economic efficiency. An overall performance index is developed that facilitates the systematic evaluation of the working fluids for geothermal fields with a broad range of temperature and flowrate characteristics. ORC design and operating constraints are considered representing requirements in cases of power and heat co-generation. The proposed approach is illustrated through a case study involving different types of geothermal fields encountered in Greece. The obtained results reveal useful performance trade-offs among the considered working fluids under various geothermal field conditions.
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