Abstract
Over the past few years, it has been established that vibration energy harvesters with intentionally designed components can be used for frequency bandwidth enhancement under excitation for sufficiently high vibration amplitudes. Pipelines are often necessary means of transporting important resources such as water, gas, and oil. A self-powered wireless sensor network could be a sustainable alternative for in-pipe monitoring applications. A new control algorithm has been developed and implemented into an underwater energy harvester. Firstly, a computational study of a piezoelectric energy harvester for underwater applications has been studied for using the kinetic energy of water flow at four different Reynolds numbers Re = 3000, 6000, 9000, and 12,000. The device consists of a piezoelectric beam assembled to an oscillating cylinder inside the water of pipes from 2 to 5 inches in diameter. Therefore, unsteady simulations have been performed to study the dynamic forces under different water speeds. Secondly, a new control law strategy based on the computational results has been developed to extract as much energy as possible from the energy harvester. The results show that the harvester can efficiently extract the power from the kinetic energy of the fluid. The maximum power output is 996.25 µW and corresponds to the case with Re = 12,000.
Highlights
In order to provide the amplified demand of energy caused by the population expansion and larger power consumption, development of new energy harvester devices and their optimization have become key points for a few decades [1]
Of a piezoelectric beam assembled to an oscillating body, a circular cylinder of diameter
0.01 consists of a piezoelectric beam assembled to an oscillating body, a circular cylinder of diameter Dm
Summary
In order to provide the amplified demand of energy caused by the population expansion and larger power consumption, development of new energy harvester devices and their optimization have become key points for a few decades [1]. When the issue is to construct optimized energy harvester systems, the balance between demand and supply is a fundamental problem to deal with from a multidisciplinary point of view. Before the 2000s, most energy consumption was based on fossil fuels working in so-called conventional energy systems. Both the limitations in the supply and the worldwide inhomogeneous distribution make the use of those fossil based fuels inefficient. In the study of Lund et al [5], an integrated cross-sector approach was used to argue the most efficient and least-cost storage options for the entire renewable energy system
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