Abstract
Airborne and spaceborne remote sensing in archaeology generates at least two important issues for discussion: technology and visualization. Technology seems to open new cognitive perspectives for archaeology and keeps researchers increasingly fascinated in its capabilities (archaeological science being a case in point). Acquired data, especially via remote sensing methods, can be studied after processing and visualizing. The paper raises several issues related to the new cognitive situation of archaeologists facing the development of new technologies within remote sensing methods. These issues are discussed from ontological, epistemological, and discursive perspectives, supporting an exploration of the role of technology and visualization. The ontological perspective places the visualization of remote sensing data in the context of understanding Virtual Reality and Jean Baudrillard’s simulacra. The epistemological perspective generates questions related to visualization as mimesis, the issue of cultural neutrality, and the use of sophisticated classifications and analytical techniques. The level of discursiveness of visualization includes categories such as persuasion, standardization, and aesthetics. This discussion is framed in relation to Martin Heidegger’s understanding of technology and a dichotomy of naturalism versus antinaturalism.
Highlights
Image is one of the most basic attributes of archaeology
Imagery has long been present in archaeology as a way of documenting/confirming the presence of relics of the past, serving to communicate about the past and creating visions of the past (e.g., [1])
I fully agree with this view because I have witnessed the phenomenon of almost universal introduction of new technologies in archaeology without sufficient critical reflection
Summary
Image is one of the most basic attributes of archaeology. Imagery has long been present in archaeology as a way of documenting/confirming the presence of relics of the past, serving to communicate about the past and creating visions of the past (e.g., [1]). I fully agree with this view because I have witnessed the phenomenon of almost universal introduction of new technologies (especially remote sensing methods) in archaeology without sufficient critical reflection. “S“susuucppheertrhccuiunlltktuuirnragalliiattyny”d”opoffrsaseceeteicinnegga,,raaeppppallirieetsso..fSSPuuclcahhtotth’hsiincnokkniinncgegpaatnnoddf pmpriramaccettisicicsee, aia.rere.e,ptphaaerrttboeoflfiPePfllaatthtooa’’sts accoopnneccreefpeptcttoorffempmirimomdeesusiiscs,t,ioi.e.ne.,.,otthfheaebpbereloliieteoffttythhpaaettaiasppneeorrftfeeaccttrrerepeprprerosodednuutcactttiiiooonnn,oofbfuaatppirsrooitdtooettynyptpieceaiislswnnoiotthaairtr,eepip.rere.e,ssewennitttahattitioohnne,, obbruuitgtinissailidd(eFeningttiuiccraaell2ww).iitCthhoinitt,t,eii.me.e.p,.,owwriaittrhhytdthhaeetaoorariciggqiinunaiaslilt(i(FoFiniggutuerrceeh2n2)i).q.CuCeoosnn(tete.mgm.p,pdooirrgaairtryayldpdahattoaatoaacgcqrqauupiishsiiytti,iooaninrbtteoeccrhnhneniiqlqausueesrs s((ece.ag.gn.,.n,didniiggii(ttAaallLppSh)h,oosttaootggerlralaiptpehhyiym,,aaigirrebbroyorr)nneeenlhlaaassneercressctcahaninsnnviinineggw(.(AAILtLSiSs)),t,hssaeatrteelflloliitrteeeinimmotaagsgueerrypy)r)ieseninnhhgaantnhccaeettvthhiisissuvavilieiezwwa.t.iIoIttniiss mtthheeerrteeifnfoogrretehnneoocttrsisutuerrrpiparriiossifinnpgghtothhtaoatgtvrvaiismsuumaallieiztzarayttiioonrns3sDmmemeeeottidinnegglstthahereeccrtrriiteteaertrieiaadooaffsppihdhoeotntootgigcraraalmmwmmitehettrtrhyyeoodrre33pDDicmtmeododdoebellsjesacartrsee, ftterreaeatautterededsa,asosriiddleaenntdtiicscacaallpwweisitt.hhtthheeddeeppiicctteeddoobbjejeccttss,,ffeeaattuurreess,,oorrllaannddssccaappeess These phenomena are reflected in broadly understood aerial archaeology. The objectivity of aerial photography in the study of the past has been questioned and, as a result, there have studies of the interaction of aerial photography (and its interpretation) with the cultural context [11,12,13,14,15,16] This is evident in the discussion of the cognitive status of aerial reconnaissance and taking oblique aerial photographs. Technology is meant to reduce subjectivity and restore, at least to some degree, the possibility of objective knowledge (description) of reality
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