Abstract
In 1996–2005, resistance to powdery mildew was studied in 167 winter barley varieties (of them 83 two-rowed and 84 six-rowed, 45 Czech and 122 foreign ones) included in the Czech Official Trials in that period. Seventeen known resistances to powdery mildew were identified (Ar, Bw, Di, Dr, Dt, Ha, HH, Ch, IM9, La, Lu, Ly, Ra, Ru, Sp, St and We). Unknown resistances were found in 25 varieties, in six of which (= 3.6% of all the examined set) they were effective to all used pathotypes of the pathogen. Six varieties exhibited heterogeneity in the examined trait, i.e. they are composed of lines with different resistances to powdery mildew. The most frequent resistances in the set were Ra, which was detected in 89 varieties (= 53%), and Bw was found in 30 varieties (18%). The resistances Sp, Ly, Ha, HH and Ch were also frequent. However, the frequency of the last three resistances cannot be quantified since we were not able to identify these resistances during the whole examined period.  
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