Abstract
Carbon-free steels of the type Fe-Co-(Mo,W) have been known for long to attain very high hardness levelsthroughprecipitationhardening. However,theclassicalingotmetallurgyroutetendedtoresultinbrittlematerials.Here it is shown that the powder metallurgy route through mixing of elemental powders, pressing and sinteringresults in materials with excellent combination of hardness and transverse rupture strength if the processingparameters are adjusted accordingly, in particular sintering and heat treatment being critical stages that shouldresultinchemicallyhomogeneousandfine-grainedmicrostructure. Ifproperlyprocessed, thesesteelgradesofferexcellent red hardness since the hardening intermetallic phases are much less sensitive to overaging than thesecondarycarbidesinstandardhighspeedsteels.PACSnumbers:81.05.Bx,81.40.–z
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