Abstract
The effects of powder enrichment and subambiant mixing temperatures on the film thickness of three zinc phosphate cements were measured by two methods. A decrease in film thickness accompanied reduced mixing temperatures and standard powderliquid ratios. Increased powder-liquid ratios with reduced mixing temperatures showed a decreased film thickness when measured according to ADA Material Specification No. 8. Both Fleck's and S. S. White cement showed an increased film thickness when measured by a tapered-die system. Because of the geometry of the preparations, small increases in cement film thickness can be clinically significant when cementing complete veneer crowns.
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