Abstract

Among the health benefits of breast-feeding, one of the most important is a reduction in infant morbidity and mortality from infectious illnesses. The magnitude of the benefit, however, appears to be conditional on socioeconomic factors. For example, the protective effect is far more striking in developing countries than in developed countries.1,2 Even within developing country settings, poor sanitation, overcrowding, and other concomitants of severe poverty are associated with increased protective effects.3 In countries like the United States, with a sizable poor population, it seems reasonable to assume that infants born in poverty, who experience the highest rates of morbidity and mortality (especially in the postneonatal period), would benefit most from being breast-fed.

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