Poverty Dominant Factor Problems in Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Abstract

Nutritional problems in children under five in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) both in urban and rural areas occupy the highest rank, it was estimated due to problematic eating patterns. Objective. To identify the risk factors for the failure of Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practice in urban and rural NTT. The study used a cross sectional design of Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) data in 2017. The samples were women of childbearing aged 15-49 years who had children aged 6-24 months, in total 286 children. The bivariate analysis used the chi square test to describe the differences in the proportions of family, mother and child characteristics in urban and rural areas, and to describe the differences in the proportions of IYCF practices based on the characteristics of families, mothers and children in urban and rural areas. Bivariate analysis is also the stage of selection of candidate variables for multivariate analysis (p≤0.25). Multivariate analysis using multivariate binary logistic regression test. The study found that 37.3% in urban areas and 57.1% in rural areas did not meet the recommendations. 23.9% of children in urban areas and 35.6% of children in rural areas do not eat according to the recommendations. The practice of IYCF not according to recommendations in rural areas (65.8%) is higher than urban areas (55.2%). Factors related to the practice of IYCF in NTT are socioeconomic and maternal age. Families with the poorest socioeconomic are at risk of more than 5 times the FDI practice not according to the recommendations (OR95%CI: 5,667:1,059-30,308). Mother's age is also associated with IYCF practice, mothers aged less than 20 years have a 3.5 times risk of IYCF practice compared to mothers aged 20-35 years (OR 95% CI: 3,558:1,164-10,869). Education is needed in antenatal care activities and classes for pregnant women to prepare prospective mothers to ensure optimal child development.