Abstract
Since the image related to road damage includes objects such as potholes, cracks, shadows, and lanes, there is a problem that it is difficult to detect a specific object. In this paper, we propose a pothole classification model using edge detection in road image. The proposed method converts RGB (red green and blue) image data, including potholes and other objects, to gray-scale to reduce the amount of computation. It detects all objects except potholes using an object detection algorithm. The detected object is removed, and a pixel value of 255 is assigned to process it as a background. In addition, to extract the characteristics of a pothole, the contour of the pothole is extracted through edge detection. Finally, potholes are detected and classified based by the (you only look once) YOLO algorithm. The performance evaluation evaluates the distortion rate and restoration rate of the image, and the validity of the model and accuracy of the classification. The result of the evaluation shows that the mean square error (MSE) of the distortion rate and restoration rate of the proposed method has errors of 0.2–0.44. The peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) is evaluated as 50 db or higher. The structural similarity index map (SSIM) is evaluated as 0.71–0.82. In addition, the result of the pothole classification shows that the area under curve (AUC) is evaluated as 0.9.
Highlights
Computer vision is a technology that extracts useful information by inputting visual data into a computer and analyzing it [1,2]
The CNN method is used in the network to recognize features to improve the accuracy of pothole classification
Potholes and cracks in road damage are characterized by various shapes and sizes
Summary
Computer vision is a technology that extracts useful information by inputting visual data into a computer and analyzing it [1,2]. The region proposal method uses a RPN (Regional Proposal Network) that selectively searches for a region that is likely to contain the object This has algorithms such as R-CNN, Fast-R-CNN, Faster-R-CNN, and the disadvantages of high accuracy but very slow processing speed. The method of finding an object of a predetermined location and a predetermined size predicts a fixed number of objects having a shape and a size in advance for each region This is used in fields where real-time detection is required because there are algorithms such as YOLO (you only look once) and SSD (Single Shot Detector), and fast processing is possible [7,8]. The composition of this paper is as follows: Section 2 describes trends in pothole prediction technology, image object detection and segmentation algorithms.
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