Abstract
AbstractThe potential response of reference devices consisting of parallel arrays of cation‐ and anion‐selective membrane electrodes is studied on a theoretical basis. A general treatment of the overall electric potential difference is offered that accounts for contributions by diffusion potentials, boundary potentials, ohmic potential drops, and streaming potentials. Explicit solutions are given for special cases. The treatment makes it possible to recognize the capabilities and the limitations of membrane‐based reference devices, and to compare their performance with the behavior of conventional reference electrodes using liquid‐junction contacts. The applicability of membrane‐based reference systems is found to be restricted to relatively specific samples.
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