Abstract
A new simple potentiometric sensor is developed and presented for sensitive and selective monitoring of dimethylamine (DMA). The sensor incorporates a molecularly imprinted polymer, with a pre-defined specific cavity suitable to accommodate DMA. The molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) particles were dispersed in an aplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) matrix. The MIP is synthesized by using a template molecule (DMA), a functional monomer (acrylamide, AM), cross-linker (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, EGDMA) and initiating reagent (benzoylperoxide, BPO). Using Trizma buffer solution (5 mmol L−1, pH 7.1), the sensor exhibits a rapid, stable and linear response for 1.0 × 10−5 to 1.0 × 10−2 mol L−1 DMA+ with a calibration slope of 51.3 ± 0.3 mV decade−1, and a detection limit of 4.6 × 10−6 mol L−1 (0.37 µg mL−1). The electrode exhibited a short response time (10 s) and stable potential readings (± 0.5 mV) for more than 2 months. Potentiometric selectivity measurements of the sensor reveal negligible interferences from most common aliphatic and aromatic amines. High concentration levels (100-fold excess) of many inorganic cations do not interfere. The sensor is successfully used for quantification of low levels of DMA down to 0.5 µg mL–1. Verification of the presented method was carried out after measuring the detection limit, working linearity range, ruggedness of the method, accuracy, precision, repeatability and reproducibility. Under flow-through conditions, the proposed sensor in its tubular form is prepared and introduced in a two-channel flow injection setup for hydrodynamic determination of DMA. The sampling rate is 50–55 samples h–1. The sensor is used to determine DMA in different soil samples with an accuracy range of 97.0–102.8%.
Highlights
IntroductionDimethylamine (DMA) as an organic pollutant is a small and simple molecule that is extensively used in many chemical industries as a precursor and raw material
The great needs to control the level of environmental contaminants in natural waterways, potable water, soils, air and biological fluids have generated increasing interest over the recent years [1,2].Dimethylamine (DMA) as an organic pollutant is a small and simple molecule that is extensively used in many chemical industries as a precursor and raw material
Some methods and techniques have been suggested for the quantification of dimethylamine and low-molecular weight aliphatic amines
Summary
Dimethylamine (DMA) as an organic pollutant is a small and simple molecule that is extensively used in many chemical industries as a precursor and raw material. It is used for the production of some surfactant wetting agents, rubber vulcanizing accelerators, accelerators of manufacturing. One is based on the use of a pH sensitive dye, which responds through visible color change of bromocresol green indicator to basic volatile dimethylamine [30]. Another is based on the reaction between activated furans and amines [31]. Most of these methods entailed several time-consuming manipulation steps, involved derivatization reactions; required the availability of sophisticated measuring devices, and use of specific chemicals and reagents
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