Abstract
This work describes the use of an array of potentiometric sensors and an artificial neural network response model to determine perchlorate and sulfide ions in polluted waters, by what is known as an electronic tongue. Sensors used have been all-solid-state PVC membrane selective electrodes, where their ionophores were different metal-phtalocyanine complexes with specific and anion generic responses. The study case illustrates the potential use of electronic tongues in the quantification of mixtures when interfering effects need to be counterbalanced: relative errors in determination of individual ions can be decreased typically from 25% to less than 5%, if compared to the use of a single proposed ion-selective electrode.
Highlights
The monitoring of sulfide and perchlorate is required in a variety of environmental and industrial situations, as both ions form toxic compounds
For the simultaneous mixture determination, a two-ion response model was built, feeding the responses from the sensor array to an artificial neural network structure
A preliminary characterization was made to the above prepared Ion Selective Electrodes (ISEs) before being used in the electronic tongue
Summary
The monitoring of sulfide and perchlorate is required in a variety of environmental and industrial situations, as both ions form toxic compounds. The sulfide and perchlorate determination can be carried out by a variety of analytical techniques, some of them classical such as titrimetric and gravimetric, or employing instrumental techniques, such as chromatography, atomic absorption, electrochemistry and combinations thereof [3]. Most of these methods are relatively expensive in terms of analysis time or the need for sophisticated instruments
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