Potentiometric determination of amprolium drug at a carbon nanotubes/nickel oxide nanoparticles paste electrode

Abstract

Nowadays, food safety has become a significant consideration in production and operations to deal with consumers' negative perceptions and enable organizations to deal with current crises in the food-animal industry. Here we introduced a sensitive electrode comprising Nickel oxide nanoparticles decorated multi-wall carbon nanotube (NiO NPs@MWCNT) as a sensing material for the potentiometric investigation of the anti-veterinary drug amprolium (AMP) for the first time in chicken meat without considering any limitations, including intense sample preparation or matrix interference. Features involving long-term stability, high-sensitivity, low detection limit, reproducibility, and improved electrochemical performance were investigated in detail. (NiO NPs@MWCNT) exhibited the best performance and slopes in comparison with the bare carbon paste electrode (CPE). CPE and NiO NPs@MWCNT electrodes were succeeded in lowering the detection limit to 7.9 × 10−6 and 6.3 × 10−7 M with a more comprehensive linear range of 1 × 10−5-1 × 10−2 M and 1 × 10−6-1 × 10−2 M, respectively. CPE and NiO NPs@MWCNT showed fast response times of 10 s, and they were used for 6 and 8 weeks with good reproducibility. Furthermore, the prepared electrodes' practical applicability was verified in chicken meat and pharmaceutical preparation samples. Also, the introduced method would widen the applications of nanocomposite particles in the fabrication of more novel potentiometric sensing platforms.