Potentiation of disruptive effects of dextromethorphan by naloxone on fixed-interval performance in rats

Abstract

A centrally acting antitussive agent dextromethorphan (DM) was tested to determine its possible interaction with naloxone in rats responding under a fixed-interval schedule of positive reinforcement. A sugar sweetened milk reward was used as a positive reinforcer. Under the same experimental conditions the effects of morphine alone and in combination with naloxone were also determined. Low dose DM (10 mg/kg) produced a slight increase, while higher doses (20-40 mg/kg) produced dose-dependent decreases in response rate. Morphine (0.3, 1.0 and 3.0 mg/kg) produced dose-dependent decreases in response rate. When doses of naloxone (0.1-1.0 mg/kg) were administered after the injection of DM the rate-decreasing effects of DM were potentiated even after the rate-increasing dose of naloxone (0.1 mg/kg) was used. When a dose of naloxone (0.1 mg/kg) was administered after the injection of morphine the rate-decreasing effects of morphine were markedly antagonized, i.e., the morphine dose-response curve was shifted to the right. The observed potentiation of DM disruption by naloxone on fixed-interval performance in rats is consistent with findings showing that naloxone potentiates the disruptive behavioral effects of a number of drugs that are psychotomimetic in man.