Abstract
The present study determined and analyzed potentially toxic metals (TMs) in soil and paddy rice plant samples in Usangu agro-ecosystem-Tanzania. The present study aimed to estimate TMs bio-concentration and translocation factors and associated health risks, but also TMs partitioning in plant tissues were determined. A total of 68 soil and 42 paddy rice plant samples were analyzed for Nickel, Cadmium, Copper, Chromium, Lead, Zinc, and Iron. The results showed that TMs concentrations in soil samples were in the range of 0.022 mg/kg to 7371.18 mg/kg for Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni, Fe, Cd, Co, and Pb. Where Fe and Co concentration exceeded Tanzania Maximum Tolerance Limits. In plant samples, straws and roots had higher TMs concentrations than grains, which is considered to pose less health risk in edible parts. The bio-concentration factor was observed to be greater than 1 in some sites, indicating higher plant TMs uptake, while the translocation factor was observed to be less than 1 in most studied areas, indicating higher TMs concentration in roots than in straws and grains, thus posing less risk to the edible parts. Overall, the study provides valuable insights into TMs in soil and plant samples and the associated health risks.
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