Abstract

Until now, no laboratory test or test set can guarantee the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) at early disease stages, and the disease symptoms may interfere with many other disease conditions. Analyzing the expression of circulating miRNAs may provide a useful approach for early and differential MS diagnosis. The main objective is assessment of the potential of serum miR-23a, miR-155, and miR-572 to differentiate between MS and other neuroinflammatory diseases. Serum miRNAs were obtained from 37 MS patients and 25 healthy age-matched controls, along with patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) [n = 13] and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) [n = 10]. miRNA expression levels were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and pairwise comparisons were made to reveal the diagnostic/distinguishing potential of the analyzed miRNAs. In the study cohort, the three investigated miRNAs failed to display significant dysregulation in MS patients. However, they could significantly discriminate patients with NMOSD and NPSLE [median (IQR): 8.1 (6.1-9.2) and 8.8 (7.9-9.7) for miR-23a, 7.5 (5.3-8.3) and 8.0 (7.5-9.5) for miR-155 and 6.9 (5.0-8.8) and 6.4 (5.3-8.8) for miR-572 in NMOSD and NPSLE, respectively] from healthy subjects [median (IQR): 3.4 (1.5-4.3), 3.1 (1.1-5.6) and 3.5 (1.7-5.6) for miR-23a, miR-155 and miR-572, respectively], with area under the curve (AUC) ≤0.8. Remarkably, miR-23a has been emerging as a prospective biomarker for differentiation of MS from NMOSD as well as NPSLE (AUC<0.9). The miRNA combined use contributed to enhanced diagnostic and discriminatory performance in the study groups. Certain miRNA expression levels would contribute to discriminating MS from other neuroinflammatory diseases.

Highlights

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) represents the most common neurologic disease in young adults, severely reducing the patient’s quality of life and their work productivity and imposing tremendous economic burdens on the individual, family and society

  • About 80% of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients present with a relapsing–remitting (RR) disease form. This clinical category will be subsequently followed by secondary progressive MS (SPMS) in the majority of patients

  • All patients were selected from the El-Kasr Aleini Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, where MS and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients were recruited in the Neurology Department, MS unit, while neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) patients were recruited from the Rheumatology Department

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Summary

Introduction

Multiple sclerosis (MS) represents the most common neurologic disease in young adults, severely reducing the patient’s quality of life and their work productivity and imposing tremendous economic burdens on the individual, family and society. MiRNA expression levels were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and pairwise comparisons were made to reveal the diagnostic/distinguishing potential of the analyzed miRNAs. Results: In the study cohort, the three investigated miRNAs failed to display significant dysregulation in MS patients. Results: In the study cohort, the three investigated miRNAs failed to display significant dysregulation in MS patients They could significantly discriminate patients with NMOSD and NPSLE [median (IQR): 8.1 (6.1–9.2) and 8.8 (7.9–9.7) for miR-23a, 7.5 (5.3–8.3) and 8.0 (7.5–9.5) for miR-155 and 6.9 (5.0–8.8) and 6.4 (5.3–8.8) for miR-572 in NMOSD and NPSLE, respectively] from healthy subjects [median (IQR): 3.4 (1.5–4.3), 3.1 (1.1–5.6) and 3.5 (1.7–5.6) for miR-23a, miR-155 and miR-572, respectively], with area under the curve (AUC) ≤0.8.

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