Abstract
To investigate dynamic foveal morphology with postmenstrual age, in preterm infants with and without retinopathy of prematurity using hand-held optical coherence tomography, adjusting for gestational age (GA) and birthweight (BW). Prospective mixed cross-sectional/longitudinal observational study of 87 participants (23-36 weeks GA; n = 30 with, n = 57 without retinopathy of prematurity) using hand-held optical coherence tomography images (n = 278) acquired between 31 weeks and 44 weeks postmenstrual age excluding treated retinopathy of prematurity. Measurements included foveal width, area, depth, central foveal thickness, maximum slope, and parafoveal retinal thickness at 1,000 µm nasal and temporal to the central fovea. Retinopathy of prematurity was significantly correlated with only foveal width in either GA or BW adjusted statistical models. In contrast, severity of prematurity (GA, BW) correlated with foveal area (P < 0.005), depth (P ≤ 0.001), and slope (P < 0.01), although central foveal thickness (P = 0.007) and parafoveal retinal thickness (P < 0.001) correlated with GA, but not with BW. Foveal width is independent of GA and BW with potential in retinopathy of prematurity screening assessment using hand-held optical coherence tomography. Foveal morphology could be graded in prematurity during development, with possible implications for future management of preterm infants.
Highlights
ObjectivesOur aim was to investigate dynamic changes in foveal morphology parameters with postmenstrual age (PMA) using Hand-held optical coherence tomography (HHOCT) to identify indicators that differentiate between diagnosis of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and non-ROP, which could not be accounted for by differences in gestational age (GA) or BW
Retinopathy of prematurity was significantly correlated with only foveal width in either gestational age (GA) or BW adjusted statistical models
We show that foveal width demonstrates a different trajectory of development depending on the presence or absence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)/non-ROP that is independent of GA and BW, factors that are clearly associated with the degree of prematurity
Summary
Our aim was to investigate dynamic changes in foveal morphology parameters with PMA using HHOCT to identify indicators that differentiate between diagnosis of ROP and non-ROP, which could not be accounted for by differences in GA or BW. We aimed to acquire five HH-OCT images per infant per eye
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