Abstract
Purpose. We evaluated the potential utility of a cost-effective 4K consumer video system for surgical education in ophthalmology. Setting. Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. Design. Experimental study. Methods. The eyes that underwent cataract surgery, glaucoma surgery, vitreoretinal surgery, or oculoplastic surgery between February 2016 and April 2016 were recorded with 17.2 million pixels using a high-definition digital video camera (LUMIX DMC-GH4, Panasonic, Japan) and with 0.41 million pixels using a conventional analog video camera (MKC-501, Ikegami, Japan). Motion pictures of two cases for each surgery type were evaluated and classified as having poor, normal, or excellent visibility. Results. The 4K video system was easily installed by reading the instructions without technical expertise. The details of the surgical picture in the 4K system were highly improved over those of the conventional pictures, and the visual effects for surgical education were significantly improved. Motion pictures were stored for approximately 11 h with 512 GB SD memory. The total price of this system was USD 8000, which is a very low price compared with a commercial system. Conclusion. This 4K consumer camera was able to record and play back with high-definition surgical field visibility on the 4K monitor and is a low-cost, high-performing alternative for surgical facilities.
Highlights
Surgical education in ophthalmology is performed using an observation scope in the operating room
A high-definition motion picture of 3840 × 2160 with 29.97 frames per second in progressive mode was recorded on an SD memory card, and a conventional motion picture of 740 × 480 with 29.97 frames per second in progressive mode was recorded by a DVD recorder in standard mode
Motion pictures were evaluated during posterior capsulotomy in cataract surgery, deep scleral flap dissection in glaucoma, internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling in vitreoretinal surgery, and levator resection in oculoplastic surgery
Summary
Surgical education in ophthalmology is performed using an observation scope in the operating room. Video teaching systems are effective tools for enhancing student competencies and technical skills [1–8]. Available high-definition cameras [9], have not been used conventionally due to their high-cost and difficult installation and operating procedures. The previously available conventional video systems [9–11] are not adequate to show the details of the surgical procedure because of low resolution, a high-definition video (1920 × 1080 pixels) system that can be used for practical applications recently came on the market. A high-definition 4K camera was developed as a consumer product available at a relatively low cost. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the potential utility of the cost-effective 4K consumer video system for surgical education in ophthalmology
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