Abstract
One of the Doppler radars operated by the National Severe Storms Laboratory can measure the difference between propagation phase constants K/sub Dp/ at horizontal and vertical polarization. This study examines the use of this parameter K/sub Dp/ in addition to the reflectivity factor Z/sub H/ and the differential reflectivity Z/sub DR/, to obtain information about rain and hail. It is shown from theory and experiments that a third parameter of the drop size distribution, obtained from K/sub DP/, can be used to support Z/sub DR/ measurement and/or to point out mixed-phase hydrometeors. Quantitative information on hail size distribution can be obtained for small hailstones when their major axes are nearly vertically aligned, giving rise to negative Z/sub DR/ and K/sub DP/ values.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
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