Abstract
Moringa oleifera (MO) grows throughout most of the tropics and has several industrial and medicinal uses. Besides the various uses of the plant parts such as its leaves, seed kernels, roots, or stem barks, the twigs (MT) of this plant are usually regarded as excessive parts. Although there have been few studies conducted to determine the value of this plant part, in fact, its potential uses—especially the pharmaceutical effects—of this biomaterial remains an up-to-date topic for scientists to discover due to the lack of interest so far. This study aims to identify the optimized fractions of different solvents for the extraction of antioxidants, for xanthine oxidase inhibition agents, and for anti-microbial activities. The two most active fractions obtained by column chromatography were the Hexane-Ethyl Acetate elution at a 9:1 (E1) and 8:2 (E2) ratio, respectively. With regard to antioxidant activity, E1 and E2 displayed relatively high DPPH radical scavenging capacity (IC50 = 87.7 and 99.0 µg/mL), which was only four times weaker than the control BHT (IC50 = 21.4 µg/mL). The highest inhibition activity against xanthine oxidase was also observed clearly in E1 and E2, which showed relatively low IC50 (54.7 and 42.0 µg/mL, respectively). These levels were inconsiderably higher than that of the positive control (IC50 = 20.8 µg/mL), proving that E1 and E2 exerted relatively strong antioxidant activity in terms of XOD inhibition. Regarding the antimicrobial test, E2 showed the highest inhibition activities against E. coli, K. pneumoiae, L. monocytogenes, B. subtilis, and P. mirabilis. The result indicates that (1) E1 and E2 were the strongest fractions for constraining free radical agents and several bacteria, and thus, (2) Moringa oleifera twigs are also a potential source for the prevention of gout-related symptoms.
Highlights
In the recent era, processing industries of fruit and plant parts are witnessing rapid development as a result of the rising awareness of experts and communities [1]
Significant differences of the solvent system were determined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) via the statistical software Minitab® 19.2020.1
Thethe totalobtained phenolic and flavonoid contents all the M. oleifera twigs (MT) fractions rangedalong from 14.78 tothe
Summary
In the recent era, processing industries of fruit and plant parts are witnessing rapid development as a result of the rising awareness of experts and communities [1]. By-products from plant parts are believed to be a beneficial resource due to the presence of numerous bioactive compounds [2,3]. Recovering bioactive compounds from such by-products via both conventional and innovative extraction techniques is a current goal for chemists. Applications of food by-product process in various sectors such as food, textiles, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals are increasing rapidly [4]. Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) is widely acknowleged for its medicinal qualities [5]. Various parts of M. oleifera are used as medicinal herbs in Asian countries such as Vietnam
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