Abstract
The Ukrainian energy system requires a radical overhaul. Ukraine's energy infrastructure is significantly worn out and supposes to be modernized according to current market needs, safety standards, flexibility, and other parameters. In addition, the unified energy system of Ukraine faces a large-scale task of changing the trajectory: from historical relations with Russia and Belarus to synchronization with ENTSO-E. Ukraine's involvement in the pan-European energy market opens up opportunities for the export of Ukrainian energy resources and imposes requirements to ensure the stability and interoperability of Ukraine's energy system. Another challenge for Ukraine's energy system is to reduce the level of accidents in energy networks and the loss of energy resources during their transportation and distribution. Unfortunately, these indicators in Ukraine are much higher than the European average. The use of smart energy tools can solve many of these problems. The possibility of conceptualizing the trajectories of smart energy development is crucial for the successful transformation of Ukraine's energy system. The formation of the basic trajectory of smart energy development should consider the national vision of socio-economic development in the country, the country's energy security strategy, energy sector reform, and the development of primary sectors of the economy. At this stage, it is necessary to conduct a feasibility study of reforms, which should be performed using a set of analysis methods: analysis of big data (on supply and demand of energy resources, technical parameters of networks, state of energy generating, and distribution equipment, etc.). (public, stakeholders, and a specific range of experts), economic assessment (reform costs, tariffs, diversified energy resources), risk analysis, network modeling, etc. The roadmap for reforms and strategic and operational plans should be adhered to develop smart energy while reforming the energy sector. If necessary, changes should be made to regulations, conduct functional supervision of the energy market, enable consumers to connect their applications and microgrids, use smart technologies in energy, etc.
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