Abstract
The intestinal mucosal immune barrier protects the host from the invasion of foreign pathogenic microorganisms. Immune cells and cytokines in the intestinal mucosa maintain local and systemic homeostasis by participating in natural and adaptive immunity. Deficiency of the intestinal mucosal immune barrier is associated with a variety of intestinal illnesses. Exosomes are phospholipid bilayer nanovesicles that allow cell-cell communication by secreting physiologically active substances including proteins, lipids, transcription factors, mRNAs, micro-RNAs (miRNAs), and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Exosomal lncRNAs are involved in immune cell differentiation and the modulation of the immune response. This review briefly introduces the potential role of exosomal lncRNAs in the intestinal mucosal immune barrier and discusses their relevance to intestinal illnesses.
Highlights
There are four types of intestinal mucosal barriers: mechanical, immunological, biological, and chemical
Recent studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate immune cell differentiation and control the inflammatory response by interacting with protein complexes or transcription factors
Exosomal lncRNAs may participate in the regulation of the intestinal mucosal immune barrier and affect the progression of intestinal diseases
Summary
There are four types of intestinal mucosal barriers: mechanical, immunological, biological, and chemical. Exosomes have donor cell-specific components including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids (DNA, mRNA, miRNA, and lncRNA) that may be selectively absorbed by proximal and distal cells. These recipient cells may recode bioactive substances to influence cell physiological activities such as cell signal transduction, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, polarization, immune response, and antigen presentation [4, 5]. LncRNAs carried by exosomes are widely involved in intercellular material exchange and signal transduction They are stable in biological fluids as endogenous RNA enzymes do not cause their degradation [10]. A better understanding of the potential role of specific exosomal lncRNAs in the intestinal mucosal immune barrier may result in improved disease severity assessment and facilitate treatment with the help of biomarker lncRNAs
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
