Potential role of P2X7 receptor in regulating kidney stem cells in the course of acute kidney injury

Long Yang,Xiu-Juan Dong

doi:10.3329/bjp.v11i4.24390

Abstract

<p class="Abstract">The role of the P2X7R in developing acute kidney injury is unknown. In this study, we developed acute kidney injury mouse model system using 0.75% adenine and examined for renal damage using histology on day 2 and day 4. P2X7 antagonist (A438079) was used to study the recovery process after initial damage and it shows positive histological data. The P2X7R expression on the day 2 and day 4 of acute kidney injury was studied using immunohisto-chemistry and Western blotting. Result shows elevated expression as acute kidney injury progress. Later the P2X7R expression was compared with apoptotic signal and stem cell specific marker (CD133). The results conclude that the apoptotic signals are mainly associated with advanced stage of acute kidney injury but not much in day 2. Similarly, CD133 expression was mask-ed in latter stages of injury following elevated expression in the initial stages.</p><p> </p>

Highlights

Acute kidney injury is the form of kidney injury that develops in an immediate manner (Mehta et al, 2007) after a particular causes like low blood pressure, on exposure to destructive substances, following inflammation in kidney or may be due to improper flow of urine
The patient with acute kidney injury faces 3040% mortality (Lameire et al, 2006) even it has sub lethal damage of kidney cells and their mortality rates increase further in chronic kidney damage as it is suffering with lethal damages (Coca et al, 2009)
Studies with P2X7R expression demonstrate that its expression in normal kidney is under, low level (Turner et al, 2002) but in different pathological condition their expression elevated to the marked level (Harada et al, 2000)

Summary

Introduction

Acute kidney injury is the form of kidney injury that develops in an immediate manner (Mehta et al, 2007) after a particular causes like low blood pressure, on exposure to destructive substances, following inflammation in kidney or may be due to improper flow of urine. The assessing the kidney damage together with their functional aspect are poorly understood (Murugan and Kellum, 2011). Even after a lot of research there is no specific improvement in this field with suitable therapy to treat acute kidney injury other than some development in supportive care (Murugan and Kellum, 2011). The problem with acute kidney injury is associated with cell death that are mediated by either apoptosis or through necrosis (Bonventre and Yang, 2011). Still the basic functions of P2X7 in different pathological condition of acute kidney injury are largely unexplored. We are assessing the role of the P2X7R in different condition of acute kidney injury together to find out their correlation they have with kidney stem cells in their recovery process

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion