POTENTIAL ROLE OF MILK THISTLE SEED AND ITS OIL EXTRACTS AGAINST HEART AND BRAIN INJURIES INDUCED BY γ-RADIATION EXPOSURE

Nohair H Sherif,Ibrahim A Saleh,Walid E Abdallah,Khaled A Shams,Faiza M Hammouda,Asrar M Hawas

doi:10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i7.18046

Nohair H Sherif, Ibrahim A Saleh + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i7.18046

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Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Silybum marianum (S. marianum) seeds extract its oil fraction against damage effect of γ-radiation in female albino rats.Methods: Ultrasonic-assisted extraction was used for the extraction of S. marianum seeds. Lipid patterns of S. marianum seeds oil were elucidated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). S. marianum seeds extract was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and metallothionein (MT) were estimated in heart and brain tissues of the examined rats. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB (CKMB) were measured in the serum of the examined rats, and the brain biomarkers; dopamine and serotonin were also measured.Results: The oil was found to be rich in linoleic acid (58.20%) and arachidic acid (23.38%). S. marianum seeds extract revealed the presence of taxifolin and six main active constituents of silymarin, including silydianin, silychristin, silybin A, silybin B, isosilybin A and isosilybin B. Treatment of γ-radiation damage effect using S. marianum seeds extract and its oil fraction led to a significant reduction of MDA levels in heart (139.6 and 165.5 nmol/g, respectively) and brain (158.5 and 135.2 nmol/g, respectively) tissues, however, significant increase of GSH levels in heart (316.4 and 293 mg/g, respectively) and brain (210.4 and 227 mg/g, respectively) tissues was observed, also a significant increase of dopamine levels (85.27 and 65.74 ng/g, respectively) and MT levels of heart tissues (108.5 and 70.52 mg/g, respectively) was observed.Conclusion: S. marianum seeds extract and its oil fraction showed a protective effect against γ-radiation-induced damage in heart and brain.

Highlights

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a normal component of oxidative phosphorylation and play an important role in normal redox control of physiological signalling pathways
The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of S. marianum seeds extract or/and its oil fraction against the exposure to fractionated dose of γ-radiations
The present study demonstrated that S. marianum seeds extract and its oil fraction has a protective effect against γ-radiation induced cell damage

Summary

Introduction

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a normal component of oxidative phosphorylation and play an important role in normal redox control of physiological signalling pathways. Excessive ROS generation triggers cell dysfunction, lipid peroxidation, DNA mutagenesis and can lead to irreversible cell damage or death [1,2,3]. Reactive oxygen compounds may attack and damage lipids, proteins and DNA. Such effects appear to contribute in the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as central nervous system diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases and liver damage. Protection of the biological systems from ionizing radiation is of paramount importance to combat radiation damages using nontoxic radio protectors. As well as natural compounds, have been investigated for their efficacy to protect the biological systems against the deleterious effects of radiations [6, 7]

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