Potential role of hesperidin in lifestyle disorders: A scoping review

Abstract

Lifestyle disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, congestive heart failure, obesity, and cancer are a growing concern for the modern healthcare system. Dietary modifications, herbal medicines, and fortified foods are proven to be one of the best ways to deal with these disorders and are significantly captivating scientists' attention all over the world. In this context, hesperidin, a flavonoid found in citrus fruits was selected based on its numerous in vivo and in vitro studies, hesperidin showed broad-spectrum therapeutic potential against several diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and neurodegenerative disorders. Numerous databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct were used to pursuit and collect appropriate literature. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) criteria for drafting methodical reviews were followed and represents that hesperidin acts by different mechanisms including reducing oxidative stress and lowering the apoptotic protein like caspase, Bax, TNF-α, and NF-MB as well as the inflammatory markers such as IL-6, and LOX-2 in preclinical studies. Clinical studies showed that its consumption can remarkably prevent these lifestyle disorders. Although it has poor bioavailability when administered orally, various novel drug delivery approaches are used nowadays to resolve shortcomings associated with hesperidin. Hesperidin acts as a potential bioactive molecule for the prevention and treatment of lifestyle problems due to its wide therapeutic applications. Therefore, in this comprehensive review, an attempt has been made to explore the preclinical and clinical study of hesperidin in lifestyle disorders including cardiovascular disorder, diabetes, obesity, neurological disorders like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, cancer, etc. with insights on its extraction, bioavailability, and safety profile. In conclusion, hesperidin acts as a potential molecule in the treatment of lifestyle disorders. Moreover, well-designed, high-quality, large-scale, and multicenter randomized clinical studies are required to establish the safety and clinical utility of hesperidin.