Abstract
e12541 Background: Currently, an argument about health risks by residential asbestos exposure as well as occupational asbestos exposure has been closed up in Japan. Therefore, the latest large-scale CT screening study reflective of a country's general situation of asbestos exposure will help citizens understand significant information about asbestos-related diseases. Methods: JGSARD is a prospective cohort study for the general population representative of Japan designed to evaluate the actual situation of asbestos exposure and the prevalence of asbestos-related diseases through chest radiography and low-dose CT (LDCT) at baseline and after 2 years of follow-up. From 2006 to 2008, 9810 subjects (mean age, 57 years; 54% male and 50% smokers) underwent baseline screening at 26 institutions in Japan. Lifetime self-reported history of asbestos exposure (SHAE) was obtained. Results: Occupational SHAE was definite and possible in 1103 (11.2%) and 1702 (17.3%) subjects, respectively, whereas residential SHAE was definite and possible in 262 (2.7%) and 931 (9.5%) subjects, respectively, although asbestos factory in their residential areas actually existed in 2870 (29.3%) subjects. The false negative rates of residential SHAE in all participants of this study (n=9810), those with pleural plaque on LDCT (n=264), and those with pleural plaque without occupational SHAE (n=83) were calculated as high value of 85.6%, 76.0%, and 87.9%, respectively. Presence of pleural plaque was significantly correlated with male (odds ratio [OR], 2.32), age 60 years and older (OR, 1.75), smoking (OR, 1.60), occupational or residential SHAE (OR, 3.92), residential period in asbestos factory area (OR every 10 years, 1.13), and asbestos-related work period (7 works identified). Lung cancer was identified in 29 (0.3%) subjects. Presence of lung cancer was significantly correlated with age 60 years and older (OR, 2.67) and presence of pleural plaque (OR, 4.17) regardless of occupational and residential SHAE. Conclusions: Our results indicate the potential risk of residential asbestos exposure and thus the importance of public relations and enlightenment for them among Japanese general population.
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