Abstract
According to the World Tourism Organization, sustainable tourism fosters the conservation of natural resources, respects the socio-cultural authenticity of host communities and ensures the maintenance of economic activities in the long term. With reference to these three areas, this article examines how vineyard landscapes, seen as one of the many resources of wine tourism, represent a potential for promoting forms of sustainable tourism, which be understood as tourism that assumes a balance between the environmental, economic and social determining factors behind a region. For this purpose, different theoretical and thematic approaches are used to highlight the importance of key issues, such as the status of the vineyard landscape as part of the conservation of natural resources in general and the elements linked to tangible and intangible heritage as part of the social authenticity of these landscapes. The results show how the strong cultural nature of vineyard landscapes, which are rich in heritage and aesthetics, guarantees their sustainability for tourist activity, provided that appropriate planning criteria are used.
Highlights
The spread of globalization in its different aspects has led to significant changes in the countryside
The result was the identification of all the precepts of sustainable tourism that are reproduced in vineyard landscapes in general, for which we have relied on several theoretical and thematic approaches that have analyzed the potential of these landscapes
In the post-Fordist phase, tourism is considered to be a social, cultural and economic phenomenon related to people travelling to and around places at an increasing rate and with an increasingly significant economic impact
Summary
The spread of globalization in its different aspects (economic, labor, cultural, etc.) has led to significant changes in the countryside. We are discovering a new scenario in the relationship between rural and urban environments, based, among other things, on the growing reciprocity of these two and on a re-evaluation of the natural, cultural and heritage attractions of rural areas. According to the European Landscape Convention [3], landscape is understood to be “any part of the land, as this is perceived by the population, the characteristics of which are the result of the action and interaction of natural and/or human factors” It is an important element of the quality of life and a “synthesis of the heritage values of the region, precisely because of its ability to integrate nature and culture through social perception” [4] This ability to integrate biotic and abiotic components makes the landscape a synthesis of the cultural, ecological, environmental and social aspects of rural regions, as well as a very positive factor for the development of tourism
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