Abstract

In the prevailing pandemic, recognizing and eventually isolating infected people is the need of the hour. Present testing methods tend to take their share of time to identify positive samples, then the authorities initiate communication with infected persons, and necessary precautions are taken. This process takes time, keeping the target person to be an individual, but where we need to get a broad idea of the virus spread in a community, a suitable, effective, and efficient method should be applied, which brings us to sewage surveillance for COVID-19 spread. The concept of mass sewage surveillance for a check on epidemics supports the requirement of individual testing and suggests potential hotspots. Sewage samples taken up from a community are tested on common testing platforms, and their results can give a bigger picture of the infection in that particular community. Other infections, such as polio, have been effectively detected via sewage testing. Several studies related to this methodology have been coming up recently, making sewage samples a source of testing rather than individual testing. It saves time and effort, and eventually, we move towards better governance in public health. This review paper looks at the various studies done under sewage surveillance in different parts of the world, emphasizing their critical points.

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