Abstract
Bioherbicides afford satisfactory approach to overcome weed problem. Selection of new bioherbicides from phytopathogenic microbiota is essential for modern agricultural management, especially mycoherbicides. Thus, in the present investigation, 4 phytopathogenic fungi including Alternaria alternata YMM1, A. tenuissima YMM3, Chaetomium globosum YMM2, and Nigrospora oryzae YMM4 were isolated from infected leaves with chlorotic rings of Rumex dentatus and Sonchus oleraceus as common weeds in Egypt. These fungi were identified based on morphology and sequence analysis of ITS1-5.8SrDNA-ITS2 of rRNA genes. Mycoherbicidal metabolites were produced using submerged cultures in potato dextrose broth. Their bioherbicidal activities were evaluated using seed germination and leaf disk puncture assays. It was found that the most promising fungal strain against major tested weeds was N. oryzae YMM4. Thus, phytopathogenic microbiota are considered a great resource for the construction of a new bioherbicide for managing weeds.
Highlights
Weeds are the main problem in intensive agriculture and compete for the same nutrients of crop plants (Sahin, 2019)
YMM1 and YMM2 were isolated from R. dentatus and YMM3 and YMM4 from
The isolates belonged to 3 different genera, Alternaria (YMM1 and YMM3), Chaetomium (YMM2), and Nigrospora (YMM4)
Summary
Weeds are the main problem in intensive agriculture and compete for the same nutrients of crop plants (Sahin, 2019). The quality of crops and yields has decreased significantly and caused enormous economic losses (Bajwa et al 2018). Weed control is vital to increase crops’ yields. Management approaches mainly rely on synthetic herbicide systems for increasing crop productivity (Cordeau et al 2016). Synthetic chemicals are inadequate due to their resistance to degradation, environmental risks, and the development of resistant varieties of weeds (Schütte et al 2017). Resistant individuals among weed populations are developed through the intensive uses of the same synthetic herbicides for long times (Matthews 2018).
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