Potential of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana in the control of tea termite Microtermes obesi Holmgren in vitro and under field conditions

Abstract

Two strains of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin and two strains of Beauveria bassiana (Ballsamo) Vuillemin were evaluated for their potential use as biological control agents against the tea termite Microtermes obesi Holmgren. The strains were screened for relative pathogenicity, and the median lethal time eliciting 50% mortality (LT50) was calculated. In general, the M. anisopliae strains were more virulent with lower LT50 values than B. bassiana strains. The LT50 values ranged from 1.6 to 3.7 days. The median lethal concentrations (LC50) of all the isolates were also determined. The M. anisopliae strains had low LC50 values compared to B. bassiana strains. The LC50 values ranged from 35 to 140 conidia per termite. The strains were also tested for survival under laboratory nest conditions. All the isolates exhibited the ability to grow, sporulate and produce an epizootic in treated nest material. Field applications of the isolates also produced promising results.