Potential of Kazakhstan’s grain export trade

Yameng Wang,Zaid Ashiq Khan,Feng Wei,Peipei Huang

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20210199

Yameng Wang, Zaid Ashiq Khan + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210199

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Abstract

ABSTRACT: Kazakhstan is located in the hinterland of Central Asia. Its virtuous geographical advantages and huge grain production potential make it one of the most important grain exporters in the world. The research on the problem of the grain trade in Kazakhstan is of great significance for food security. This study measured its international competitiveness using the International Market Share Index, the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index, Trade competitiveness index and calculated the international competitiveness and analyzed the influencing factors of grain export by constructing an extended gravity model and measured its export potential. Results showed that Kazakhstan has a low share of the international grain market; however, wheat, barley, and buckwheat have strong export advantages; the level of economic development and economic distance has significantly promoted the scale of grain exports. While geographical distance, the difference in GDP per capita, and the fact whether trading partner countries have joined the Eurasian Economic Union have caused obstacles to grain exports. Kazakhstan’s export potential to 6 countries including Russia, Kyrgyzstan and China shows an upward” trend, its export potential to 6 countries including Tajikistan and Ukraine showing a “stable” trend, and its export to 9 countries included Poland and Germany. The potential showed a “declining” trend.

Highlights

Grain import and export trade is an important means to regulate the global food supplydemand imbalancing and maintaining national food security
International food prices have fluctuated sharply affected by factors such as novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), the tight relation of global food production and demand, macroeconomic, and geopolitical changes in recent years
The prices of major grains such as corn, soybeans, and wheat have risen and fallen sharply, which had a greater impact on ensuring national food security

Summary

Introduction

Grain import and export trade is an important means to regulate the global food supplydemand imbalancing and maintaining national food security. The trade of grain and other agricultural products has become more and more important as a way to adjust resources between countries with abundant resources and countries with scarce resources (QIANG et al, 2013). International food prices have fluctuated sharply affected by factors such as novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), the tight relation of global food production and demand, macroeconomic, and geopolitical changes in recent years. The prices of major grains such as corn, soybeans, and wheat have risen and fallen sharply, which had a greater impact on ensuring national food security. Kazakhstan, located in the hinterland of Central Asia, is the world’s largest food producer and exporter.

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