POTENTIAL OF KABAU LEAF ETHANOL EXTRACT (ARCHIDENDRON BUBALINUM (JACK.) I. C. NIELSEN) TO DECREASE OF BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS INDUCED ALLOXAN

Abstract

Objective: This study describes the potential antidiabetic activity of ethanol extracts of Kabau leaves (Archidendron bubalinum)
 Methods: Extraction was done using the maceration method with 96% ethanol as solvent. The simplicia and extracts were characterized, screened for phytochemicals using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Blood glucose levels were examined by GOD-PAP enzymatic method. Wistar rat was induced by alloxan (120 mg/kg BW i. p) to hyperglycemic condition, the dose variations of Kabau leaves extract i. e 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg BW (p. o). The data was statistically tested using one-way ANOVA with a confidence level of (p<0.05).
 Results: The phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, steroids, and triterpenoids, saponins. TLC showed that the extract contained spots (Rf 0.45) which are suspected to be flavone glycosides, biflavonyls, and unusually substituted flavones. Phenolic compounds (Rf 0.225; 0.25; 0.325 and 0.45) were characterized by a color change to blackish green after being sprayed with FeCl3. Saponin glycoside compounds (Rf 0.57) were characterized by the presence of purple spots after being sprayed with vanillin sulfate. Test animals in all test groups experienced hyperglycemia (>126 mg/dl) and a significant increase in blood glucose levels compared to the control group. MDA levels in test animals given a dose of 1000 mg/kg BW was 0.024±0.003.
 Conclusion: Ethanol extract of Kabau leaves can reduce blood glucose levels in hyperglycemic rats by 33% at a dose of 1000 mg/kg BW. The results of one-way ANOVA (p<0.05) and Measurement of MDA levels in test animals was 0.024±0.003.