Abstract
Improving the thermal efficiency of aircraft gas turbines and of thermal power generation systems is of great interest for industry. Despite the various studies performed to increase their heat resistance, the use of nickel-based superalloys at temperatures beyond 1150 °C will be difficult. For higher temperatures, new high-temperature structural materials are required. In this context, ceramics offer many advantages compared to Ni-based superalloys: a lower density and a better resistance to oxidation and abrasion. Two kinds of ceramics are investigated at ONERA: Si3N4-based materials for use up to 1400–1500 °C and directionally solidified eutectic (DSE) ceramics up to 1700 °C. For both materials, improving toughness is a challenge. This paper presents the processing techniques, the microstructural features and the resulting mechanical properties.
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